View AP Euro Chapter 18 Notes.pdf from AP EURO 730 at Alan B. Shepard High School. Attempt at religious toleration: C. Civil war (1642-1649): Roundheads versus Cavaliers B. population increase --> emergence of the middle class. France accepted the Protestant succession on the British throne, ensuring a smooth transition when Anne died in August 1714, and ended its support for the Stuarts under the 1716 Anglo-French Treaty. -- Colbert, finance minister. government. c. It divided the Spanish colonial empire between the French and the British. AP European - MR. RAYMOND'S SOCIAL STUDIES - MAST ACADEMY ~ Peace of Utrecht (Russia= Boyars, nobility tied to Service) The country was frequently at war with other European powers, and it was also hit by a number of economic crises. ***William+ Mary protect Netherlands using English Power, -opposed by Brandenburg, Spain, Holy Roman Emperor - Fronde(s) made him distrust nobility -> gov. 1. mercantile practices or spirit; commercialism 2. The Asiento de Negros had come about due to the fact that the Spanish Empire rarely engaged in the transatlantic slave trade itself, preferring to outsource this to foreign merchants. ~ required nobles to live at Versailles for part of year-> separate power from status and grandeur B. bullionism --> the accumulation of precious metals by governments was seen as very important to the ~during 30 yrs War Ferdinand Ii gains Bohemia They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. ~opportunities for non-nobles to join nobility ranks -Austria gets former Spanish Netherlands -Seeks illegal sources of revenue Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. D. Rejected Papal authority. Treaty of Utrecht | Peace, Impact & Effects - Study.com ~14 levels, at 8th you were a noble (based on merit), Educational Reform and Manners: It allowed the unification of the thrones of France and Spain. The transition from the Middle Ages to early modern times represented a shift in emphasis -tax increase 3x for peasants: "soul tax" replace land tax -1559 Act of Supremacy repealed Mary I's works -- effects of his reign: he tried to make France more powerful. Ended the War of Spanish Succession. C. increase in world trade. -- charter banks --> Bank of Amsterdam (1609); bank of London (1694). -- new No. AP Euro Unit 1 REVIEW (Everything You NEED to Know) - YouTube Renaissance to Peace of Westphalia TRENDS WOMEN (quenelle des femmes) - Christine de Pizan (1364- 1430) prolific writer, 1st to earn living, refute "masculine myths" about women europe's first feminist - humanism real advance for aristocratic women humanistic education small number of women- still excluded from guilds and denied basic civl rights In the treaty with Savoy, France recognized Victor Amadeus II, duke of Savoy, as king of Sicily and that he should rule Sicily and Nice. ** In emergencies= House of Orange takes Over***, Trade: Religious toleration, Bank of Amsterdam, finishing+ merchant fleet (offered lowest shipping rates, largest merchant marine, and depended less on export than transport, ~Dutch East India Company in 1602: private trading company France lost all its possessions on the mainland of North America Creoles people of spanish blood who were born in America. [13][14][15][16][17][18], The importance placed by British negotiators on commercial interests was demonstrated by their demand for France to "level the fortifications of Dunkirk, block up the port and demolish the sluices that scour the harbour, [which] shall never be reconstructed". - Catholic HRE, Lutherans, Calvinists (1555) Treaty in which Charles V allowed regional Princes to dictate the religion of their lands. - confederation = weak union of strong provinces AP Euro Age of Absolutism Timeline | Timetoast timelines answer choices Treaty of Nystad Treaty of Utrecht Treaty of Versailles Peace of Paris Question 2 30 seconds Q. This economic growth led to an increase in wealth and a rise in the standard of living for many Dutch people. -- War of the Spanish Succession. -- he committed Fr. In 1579 , southern provinces formed the Union of Arras and soon made peace with Spain and the northern provinces formed the Union of Utrecht . -Imperial electors of Brandenburg added Prussia to its holdings (1618) when junior branch (cousins) of family died out (expand marriage/death), Thirty Years War and other conflicts weakened power of Estates (representative bodies) in German Territories, weak, but managed to be crowned -> King Frederick I by the HRE for services in War of Spanish Succession, "The Soldiers King" brings Power Henry of Navarre becomes Henry IV, converts to Catholicism. . Peace of Utrecht - International Relations - Oxford Bibliographies - obo After the British government gained access to the Asiento de Negros, the economic prominence held by Dutch Sephardic Jewish slaveowners began to fade, while the South Sea Company was established in hopes of gaining exclusive access to the contract. Its destructive campaigns and battles occurred over most of Europe, and, when it ended with the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the map of Europe had been irrevocably changed. Catholic South vs Protestant North (Union of Utrecht, declared independence 1581).England gets . Nw-> Euro: tomatoes ,potatoes, corn, chocolate, Syphilis (increased population w/ nutrition) 100 Years' War Ends . -- mysticism movement (St. Theresa of Avila, St. John of the Cross). ~War caused much Hardship and misery in France (Finances) Jean Bodin, a French writer and political theorist, believed that sovereign power consisted of the authority to make laws, tax, administer justice, control the state's administrative system, and determine foreign policy. B. Louis XIII (1616-1643) The Dutch were particularly known for their paintings, which were characterized by their attention to detail and realism. -cooperation and collaboration rather than control pour servir de fondement auz Negociations de Geertruydenberg. These became increasingly important after a series of deaths between 1712 and 1714 left the five year old Louis XV as his great-grandfather's heir. The Union of Utrecht (Dutch language: Unie van Utrecht ) was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain. AP Euro Full Timeline Author: Zachary Hoskins Created Date: Even after paying expenses associated with the Dutch Barrier, increased tax revenues from the Austrian Netherlands funded a significant upgrade of the Austrian military. oppressive class. Capitalism: trade managed by pirvate property + companies, private held profit. ~ nobility too concerned w/ rights/privilege/ status [19] This was because Dunkirk was the primary base for French privateers, as it was possible to reach the North Sea in a single tide and escape British patrols in the English Channel. Queen Anne and her advisors had also come to agree.[26]. under LUTHER --> the Bible was a way of life; did not believe in pompous Church ceremonies; clergy not important; everyone is their own priest; one should be able to talk to God directly. Instead, the States General was the legislative body, which was made up of nobles. -Spain doesn't recognize + continues War, Netherlands became a modern constitutional state: -Northern lands form Union of Utrecht to declare independence from Spain, North lands of Netherlands unite to declare independence from Spain Growth of consumer goods coming out of the Americas Seven Years War b/w the English and French over the . F. No difference between the laity and the clergy. France and Britain remained the most vigorous powers in Europe. The Pope was in Rome and was Italian (use of Spanish Inquisition). A. Catholic "Counter"-Reformation -plot in Parliament moves to bring William of Orange as new English King (Protestant cousin, to his wife Mary (daughter of James)), -William raises army- James flees => William and Mary become rulers of England in GLORIOUS REVOLUTION, William and Mary sign Bill of Rights guaranteeing basic rights (e.g. Treaties of Utrecht | European history | Britannica - Each State appointed a Stadholder as executive (House of Orange) -- mercantilism. 1. -France -ignored Estates General -> nobles have no means of united action, Major Beliefs: ONE KING, ONE LAW, ONE FAITH => Protestants I. Catholicism official religion of France ~ completed Decline of Spain as a major Power The country was home to a number of talented artists and writers, and the prosperity of the period allowed for a flourishing arts scene. -- he denounced the Pope for involvement in politics as well as religion. AP Euro Review Timeline Centuries - Major Events. The Reformation worked in Northern Europe because: D. Russia in the 17c and early 18c: AP Euro Chapter 16 Facts and Terms Flashcards | Quizlet You join either have text and image or an umbrella option but always both. A. -creates first real Russian Navy + special forces of Cossack, Reforms Central Gov't, Military, and Civil Administration: Set a timer for 45 minutes. War between French, Swedish, Spanish soldiers who loot Germany Also known as the League of Augsburg, an anti- French European coalition formed to check the power of France. Year(t)12345Cashflow$8009001,0001,5002,000. from citizens belonging to the Church and sending the money to Rome. Terms - AP European History The French negotiator Melchior de Polignac taunted the Dutch with the scathing remark de vous, chez vous, sans vous,[28] meaning that negotiations would be held "about you, around you, without you". About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket [29] In any case, the Dutch achieved their condominium in the Austrian Netherlands with the Austro-Dutch Barrier Treaty of 1715. Abstract The Peace of Utrecht's greatest claim to fame in the historiography of the law of nations is that it introduced the balance of power into the positive law of nations. Enlightenment thinkers felt that change and reason were both possible and desireable for the - Parliament believed in defending their power sharing role in gov't They were the lucrative West African slave trade. Ask an Expert. France + Netherlands support Sweden, maximize their investment in war, and refuse agreement. - Nobility exempted from taxes, *Major Sign of Fallen Status: Taking loans from Portugal, ended with: - Parliament became more Puritan, sought reform of Anglican church 13.21: The Peace of Utrecht - Social Sci LibreTexts Differing Concepts of Absolutism: ~ soldiers doubled as tax collectors/police/state bureaucracy -Austria [31] Some historians argue this makes it a significant milestone in the evolution of the modern nation state and concept of a balance of power. -Believes in Divine Right to rule (Responsible to God, not Parliament) ~Ferdinand seeks Albrecht of Wallenstien -> brings force to Denmark It implemented the educational ideas of humanism. LUTHER --> condemned corruption in the Church; believed priests should practice what they preached. Absolutism | AP Euro 4 Idiots I. Their decline as powerful European states paved the way for new absolutist states to rise up in their place. Henry VIII; Catholic martyr. 8-9 Points Thesis must include reference to at least three factors (a factor can be an event, like the posting of the 95 Theses or the Thirty Years' War). -- the Inquisition was resurrected (esp. In the treaty with the Dutch, France agreed that the United Provinces should annex part of Gelderland and should retain certain barrier fortresses in the Spanish Netherlands. Players: Valois Kings=Catholic moderates, unwilling compromise Wars against England and France drained the Dutch economy, and the Dutch West India Company failed to take control of Brazil from Portugal. Subjects: ap european history midterm . - put on trial for treason and executed in Jan. 1649 (King), Oliver Cromwell and 1 house Parliament began experiment w/ republican rule -> Commonwealth The Catholic Church was a source of wealth for Italy. leadership of Europe. In the treaty with Prussia, France acknowledged Frederick Is royal title (claimed in 1701) and recognized his claim to Neuchtel (in present Switzerland) and southeast Gelderland. ~ defender of Anglican Church, Distrusted Puritans (Calvinists) Therefore, this supremacy of Parliament provided Britain with the -confiscated land of Protestants and gave to Catholic nobles and foreign aristocrats (build loyal base) a commercial rival of Britain. -strong monarchy necessary to end chaos of war and rebellion, Manipulating Nobility: militarily. PDF Image Zoom Out. - Russia becomes Dominant BALTIC POWER, Thirty Years war and weakened power of Estates in German Territories allowed elector to move towards consolidation of power -- The Index of Forbidden Books. Philip II ruled by decree, not by presence and used Catholicism as a political + spiritual tool. Spain gets all lands west (belief total volume of trade is fixed) Chapter 17. JOHN CALVIN --> people already predestined for salvation; success on earth determined place in heaven; hard work and no leisure time were signs of success. Unit 4 Quiz 1 | European History - Quizizz - Conventicle Act of 1593: conform to English Church or face exile/death, Deterioration w/ Spanish Relations: -industries owned by Tsar (4/5 revenue went to military/war) -taxation approval, no forced loans, trials, no quartering of soldiers he centralized the Fr. [7], Several other treaties came out of the congress of Utrecht. - initial losses against Charles XII of Sweden F. economic depression at the end of the 16c. [32], First mentioned in 1701 by Charles Davenant in his Essays on the Balance of Power, it was widely publicised in Britain by author and Tory satirist Daniel Defoe in his 1709 article A Review of the Affairs of France. Facing increasing competition from England and France, the Dutch lost their dominance of trade and the government became more rigid and less tolerant. -- revoked the Edict of Nantes. AP Euro Chapter 18 Notes.pdf - Ap European History Notes -- reformed many of the previous abuses in the Church. Most of the wars of the period, including conflicts fought outside of Europe, stemmed from attempts either to preserve or disturb the balance of power . ~ enforced spy network to uncover noble plots -Tried to get approval, but agreements unbinding, -Takes control and visits West (1697-1698) -- the capitalist entrepreneur could now operate without the restrictions imposed by the urban guilds. Peace of Augsburg. [20] This ultimately proved unenforceable. Great Britain signed a like treaty with Spain (9 December 1713). In the 17th century, the Dutch Republic was the leading commercial power in Europe, with Amsterdam serving as Europes financial center. ~Edict of Restitution: The first treaty signed at Utrecht was the truce between France and Portugal on 7 November, followed by the truce between France and Savoy on 14 March 1714. In 1566, the Netherlands revolted against Spanish rule, officially becoming the independent. prestige and power of a modern nation. aristocracy. Some of the most notable effects of this period include: Economic prosperity: The Dutch Golden Age was a time of great economic prosperity for the Netherlands. Incan leader dead and civil war in progress. B. -hereditary provinces of Austria, Kingdom of Bohemia, Hungary, Charles VI issues Pragmatic Sanction The war was very expensive and bloody and finally stalemated. Ch. 4: Age of Religious Wars (AP EURO) Quiz - Quizizz -continued hereditary office holders - Dutch West India Company traded w/ Latin America+ Africa, Queen Elizabeth of England declare truce 1609-> accepted by Spain King Philip III, Peace of Westphalia confirms Dutch independence from Spain, Sweden, Holy Roman Emperor, United Provinces, Created with #1 Rated Timeline Maker Software, The During the 17c and 18c, Britain, France, Austria, Prussia, and Russia were able to establish or ~ divided into 17 provinces and ruled themselves This document ended the War of the Spanish Succession. Versailles. https://www.britannica.com/topic/treaties-of-Utrecht, Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage - The Treaty of Utrecht. 4 & 1,500 \\ No need for sacraments (except Baptism, Eucharist, & Confirmation) or good works. Church control. SIR THOMAS MORE --> expressed idea of communal living; no class distinctions; no unemployment; no competition; everyone living and working together; defied Some of the most notable figures of this period include mathematician and philosopher Ren. An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought Seven Years' War -2nd Fronde (1650-1652) crushed due to infighting of nobles, France Reaches Absolutist Development The treaties were concluded between the representatives of Louis XIV of France and of his grandson Philip on one hand, and representatives of Queen Anne of Great Britain, King Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia, King John V of Portugal and the United Provinces of the Netherlands on the other. ~ Peace of Prague (1635): German Protestant states led by Saxony compromised w/ Ferdinand. This period saw the beginnings of two long-term conflicts--Britain and France over trade and